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Bulletin of the Chemists and Technologists of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Issue 41
Publication date: December 2013 |
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Table of contents
Metal Levels in Surface Soils after Different Extraction Procedures Original Scientific Article
Bećiragić Selma, Huremović Jasna, Muhić-Šarac Tidža, Memić Mustafa, Selović Alisa, Žero Sabina
Abstract:Surface soil samples collected from the Kiseljak area, Bosnia and Herzegovina, were analyzed for eight different heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb and Zn) using atomic absorption spectrometry – flame and cold vapour techniques. Three procedures of extraction of metals from soil were used: 1) extraction with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), 2) extraction with HNO3 solution, and 3) extraction with aqua regia. Results for metals are reported for the first time in soils for this region. Pseudo total metal content in soil samples can be presented by the following descending series: Fe > Mn > Pb > Zn > Cu > Cr > Cd > Hg. The categories of increased pollution and highly polluted soils are almost equally presented in the Kiseljak area. Location Kiseljak-Centar by the content of Pb and Cu belong to the contaminated soil. In the case of Cd all analyzed soil samples belong to contaminated soils.
Bulletin of the Chemists and Technologists of Bosnia and Herzegovina 41, 1-5.
GC/MS Analysis of the Essential Oil of Thymus Longicaulis Presl. from Kosovo Original Scientific Article
Hatipi Ibrahimi Mjellma, Papajani Vilma, Ćavar Sanja, Matevski Vlado
Abstract: Three samples of essential oil of Thymus longicaulis Presl. were analyzed for their chemical composition. The plants were collected in their natural habitat on three different locations in Kosovo. Aerial parts of the plant were submitted to hydrodistillation using Clevenger apparatus. Gas chromatography – mass spectrometry analysis was performed for each extracted essential oil sample. Essential oil yield resulted with 0.68-1.54% on dried weight. Analyzed essential oil constituents resulted with variation in their quality and quantity. One sample was characterised as thymol/carvacrol chemotype, resulting with 15.26% of thymol and 12.65% of carvacrol as its main constituents. Two other analyzed samples had very small amounts of thymol and carvacrol and resulted with α-terpineol (14.23%), α-terpinyl acetate (11.81%), linalool (9.63%), and myrcene (6.59%) as the main constituents for the first, and α-phellandrene (19.07%), linalool (14.22%), β-caryophyllene (9.27%), and limonene (7.83%) for the second sample, respectively.
Bulletin of the Chemists and Technologists of Bosnia and Herzegovina 41, 6-10.
Determination of Total Sulphur Content in Biological Samples by Using High Performance Ion Chromatography and Elemental Analysis Original Scientific Article
Šapčanin Aida, Jančan Gordan, Pazalj Mirha, Kresić Dragan, Pehlić Ekrem, Uzunović Alija
Abstract:The aim of this work was the assessment of total sulphur (S) content in the plants with the highest S metabolic needs and different natural and artificial fertilizers by using a High Performance Ion Chromatographic (HPIC) method and Elemental analysis (EA). 7 plants and 11 diferent fertilizers were prepared by digestion and oxidation with a mixture of perchloric and nitric acid. The HPIC method was performed with a Shimadzu Ion Chromatograph equipped with conductivity detector CDD-10A. For an EA, samples of plants and fertilizers were analyzed in an elemental analyzer LECO SC-132. The total S content in analysed plants varies from 1,85 mg S/g to 0,30 mg S/g; and in fertilizers varies from 15,82 mg S/g to 0,71 mg S/g. The used HPIC method and EA are simple, sensitive, and accurate methods that can be appliedas a reliable analytical tool for the determination of total S content in the fertilizers and plant material. Results of this analysis suggest consumption of brocoli as a significant natural source of organo-sulphur compounds and could recommend soil fertilization with sheep and rabbit manure for the cultivation of the plants with a highest S metabolic needs.
Bulletin of the Chemists and Technologists of Bosnia and Herzegovina 41, 11-14.
Evaluation of Purity of some Coumarin Derivatives by Melting Point Measurments, TLC and Scanning Densitometry Original Scientific Article
Muratović Samija, Osmanović Amar, Veljović Elma, Džudžević-Čančar Hurija, Durić Kemal, Nikšić Haris, Završnik Davorka
Abstract:Impurity remains after syntheses greatly influence properties and effectiveness of synthesized compounds. Therefore it is very important to determine its presence and remove them from the synthesized product. In order to obtain crystals of high purity, synthesized bis-4-hydroxycoumarins and benzopyranocoumarinswere purified by recrystallization and column chromatography. The success of the purification of the synthesized compounds was examined by the melting point measurements, thin layer chromatography and scanning densitometry.Only one of nine tested mobile phase systems proved successful for separation of the analyzed compounds. Detection of the compounds on TLC plates was carried out under UV light at wavelength of 254 nm, as well as quantitative analysis of the present impurities. The results of scanning densitometry showed that the corresponding compounds obtained by purification had a satisfactory degree of purity (less then 2% unknown impurities). Percentage of impurities can also be calculated from data attained by spectrometric methods and elemental analysis.
Bulletin of the Chemists and Technologists of Bosnia and Herzegovina 41, 15-19.
Laser-induced Processes of Diatomic Molecules: Homonuclear vs. Heteronuclear Species Original Scientific Article
Odžak Senad, Čerkić Aner, Gazibegović-Busuladžić Azra, Hasović Elvedin, Busuladžić Mustafa, Milošević B. Dejan
Abstract: We investigate high-order above-threshold ionization (HATI) and high-order harmonic generation (HHG) of homonuclear and heteronuclear diatomic molecules using modified molecular strong-field approximation (MSFA) and Stark-shift-corrected MSFA respectively. We present our results for N2 and CO molecules. Their initial highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMO) are characterized by 3σg and 5σ symmetry respectively, as for heteronuclear species parity property gerade or ungerade is no longer relevant. N2 and CO HATI and HHG spectra for different molecular orientation with respect to laser polarization axis, and for different values of the electron or photon energies and emission angle, clearly reflect influence of the electron-density distribution symmetry of the HOMO. Prominent difference between these spectra is the absence of the left-right symmetry in HATI spectra for paralel orientation and selection rules violation in HHG spectra for CO. Spectra for CO could be reconstruct with contributions that accounts for ionization from the C atom only.
Bulletin of the Chemists and Technologists of Bosnia and Herzegovina 41, 20-28.
Determination of Sugar Content in Flavored Waters Technical Article
Šapčanin Aida, Jančan Gordan, Jadrić Radivoj, Pehlić Ekrem, Uzunović Alija, Durić Kemal, Rimpapa Zlatan
Abstract: Flavored waters mostly consists of water, natural or artificial flavorings, and sugar or artificial sweeteners. This work aimed to assess total sugar content in 25 different flavored water samples commercially available from the Slovenian local market by using an high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with refraction index detection (RID). HPLC (Agilent 1200 Series) was performed with an isocratic elution of mobile phase 15 mM K2HPO4 water solution. Degassed and diluted samples were analyzed on Supelcogel K column (300 x 7.8 mm, with 9 μm particles size), at 80 °C and 0.5 mLmin-1 flow rate. The total sugar content in flavored waters varies according to the types and brands, from 11.0 g/L to 44.1 g/L. Concentration values of sucrose, glucose and fructose were found to be in the ranges (g/L): 10.0 – 32.8; 1.3 - 21.7 and 3.0 -37.2, respectively. The results suggest caution in the use of high amount of flavored waters especially by diabetic patients.
Bulletin of the Chemists and Technologists of Bosnia and Herzegovina 41, 29-32.
Interdependencies Between Landfill Operation Procedures and Leachate Treatment Technical Article
Mueller-Czygan Günter, Avdić Nurudin
Abstract: Leachate of landfills with organic waste consist a complex composition of different ingredients. Therefore it is not enough to design a leachate treatment plant only on the base of leachate analysis from a selected period. As a consequence, an examination of the expected development of landfill body over next 20 to 30 years must be an important part of the design in order to get an optimum solution of leachate treatment.
Bulletin of the Chemists and Technologists of Bosnia and Herzegovina 41, 33-36.
Anticorrosion Performance of eco-friendly Paint Coatings Technical Article
Korać Fehim, Gutić Sanjin, Zukić Ilda, Ostojić Jelena, Herenda Safija, Gojak-Salimović Sabina
Abstract: Principal solvent and diluent used in water-soluble paints is water, although they can contain minimum quantities of potentially hazardous organic solvents. Corrosion protection performance of this type of paints is still low compared to the organic solvent-based paints. In this paper, monitoring of dry coating thickness and adhesion, as well as salt chamber and field testing were performed in order to test coating quality. Organic solvent-based paints show superior performance compared to the water soluble paint coatings.
Bulletin of the Chemists and Technologists of Bosnia and Herzegovina 41, 37-47.
Preliminary Analysis of Heavy Metal Content in the River Bosnia Upstream and Downstream from the Industrial Plants in Zenica and Pollution Assessment Short communication
Bikić Farzet
Abstract: Thispaper presents the results of an analysis of monthly average contents of ten heavy metals in the flow of the river Bosna. The amount of toxic heavy metals, Pb, As, Cd, Hg and in addition, potentially harmful metals such as Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe was determined in order to assess the influence of industry in Zenica on the quality of the river Bosna. Samples were collected during the period ofthree months: November of 2010, January and February of 2011, during the normal water level of river Bosna. The sampling sites were chosen upstream and downstream from the industrial plants in Zenica with the aim of determining the influence of industrial complexes, mainly ArcelorMittal Zenica, on the quality of the water in river Bosna. Therating ofthe level of pollution in the river Bosna is based on the comparison of concentrations of heavy metals from the results of the analysis with the highest allowable concentrations of heavy metals by individual classes of water, MRL. The results showed that the industrial waste inZenica has no significant influence on increase of heavy metals’ concentrations in river Bosna above the maximum allowable concentration for waters of I and II classes. The results showed increased mercury content in the river Bosna, not only in the downstream flow from the industrial complex in Zenica but also from the above of mentioned plants.
Bulletin of the Chemists and Technologists of Bosnia and Herzegovina 41, 48-51.
